The Value Driven Pharmacist: Basics of Access, Cost, and Quality 2nd Edition

https://digitalcommons.butler.edu/butlerbooks/1017/thumbnail.jp

Hypertension Management: Making Sense of Guidelines and Therapy Options for the Elderly

Goal: The goal of this activity is to increase the awareness of the pharmacist on the complications surrounding hypertension management in the elderly individual, clarify the differences in current guideline recommendations, and aid in making the most appropriate drug therapy decisions regarding the management of hypertension

Ankle-Knee Initial Contact Angle and Latency to Maximum Angle are Affected by Prolonged Run

The initial contact and midstance angles may influence injury risk. Previous literature has not assessed these angles under the influence of new footwear for a non-exhaustive prolonged run or the relationship between the angles. To assess lower extremity kinematic changes and the relationship between kinematic parameters at initial contact and midstance with prolonged running under the influence of different types of footwear. Twelve experienced, recreational runners (6 male; 6 female; 24.8 ± 8.4 years; 70.5 ± 9.3 kg; 174.1 ± 9.7 cm) ran for 31 minutes at a self-selected pace for three testing sessions wearing maximalist, habitual, and minimalist shoes. Sixteen anatomical retroreflective markers and seven tracking clusters were placed on the participants’ lower extremities. Kinematic data were collected every five minutes beginning at minute one. Initial contact angle (IC), maximum angle (MAX) during midstance, and latency (Tmax) between IC and MAX were calculated for the ankle and knee joints in the frontal and sagittal planes. No significant differences were observed between footwear. Rearfoot inversion (F3,33 = 9.72, p \u3c .001) and knee flexion (F6,66 = 5.34, p \u3c .001) at IC increased over time. No significant differences were detected for MAX over time. Tmax for dorsiflexion (F6,66 = 10.26, p \u3c .001), rearfoot eversion, (F6,66 = 7.84, p \u3c .001) and knee flexion (F6,66 = 11.76, p \u3c .001) increased over time. Maximum eversion during midstance is related to the angle at initial contact, and regardless of footwear type, IC and Tmax increased over the duration of the run. No differences in the ankle and knee sagittal or frontal plane kinematics between minimalist, habitual, and maximalist footwear were observed During a self-paced run

Ankle-Knee Initial Contact Angle and Latency to Maximum Angle are Affected by Prolonged Run

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(1): 33-44, 2021. The initial contact and midstance angles may influence injury risk. Previous literature has not assessed these angles under the influence of new footwear for a non-exhaustive prolonged run or the relationship between the angles. To assess lower extremity kinematic changes and the relationship between kinematic parameters at initial contact and midstance with prolonged running under the influence of different types of footwear. Twelve experienced, recreational runners (6 male; 6 female; 24.8 ± 8.4 years; 70.5 ± 9.3 kg; 174.1 ± 9.7 cm) ran for 31 minutes at a self-selected pace for three testing sessions wearing maximalist, habitual, and minimalist shoes. Sixteen anatomical retroreflective markers and seven tracking clusters were placed on the participants’ lower extremities. Kinematic data were collected every five minutes beginning at minute one. Initial contact angle (IC), maximum angle (MAX) during midstance, and latency (Tmax) between IC and MAX were calculated for the ankle and knee joints in the frontal and sagittal planes. No significant differences were observed between footwear. Rearfoot inversion (F3,33 = 9.72, p \u3c .001) and knee flexion (F6,66 = 5.34, p \u3c .001) at IC increased over time. No significant differences were detected for MAX over time. Tmax for dorsiflexion (F6,66 = 10.26, p \u3c .001), rearfoot eversion, (F6,66 = 7.84, p \u3c .001) and knee flexion (F6,66 = 11.76, p \u3c .001) increased over time. Maximum eversion during midstance is related to the angle at initial contact, and regardless of footwear type, IC and Tmax increased over the duration of the run. No differences in the ankle and knee sagittal or frontal plane kinematics between minimalist, habitual, and maximalist footwear were observed During a self-paced run

ANKLE JOINT COMPLEX KINEMATIC AND KINETIC ADAPTATION DURING THIRTY-MINUTES OF TREADMILL RUNNING: A CASE STUDY

The purpose of this study was to assess kinematic and kinetic adaptation during a 30 min run. It was hypothesized that kinematics and kinetics would adapt at different rates. A recreationally trained runner with approximately 10 years of running experience was recruited for the study. Three dimensional kinematic and kinetic variables were assessed during a 30 min run. All measures exhibited varied adaptation trends with most measures not stabilizing during the exercise period. A longer running period may be needed in running gait analysis to produce a more comprehensive adaptation profile

The Value Driven Pharmacist: Basics of Access, Cost and Quality

https://digitalcommons.butler.edu/butlerbooks/1015/thumbnail.jp

Survey of Pharmacist-Managed Primary Care Clinics Using Healthcare Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (HFMEA)

Objectives: The primary objective was to expand upon results of a previously piloted patient perception survey with Healthcare Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (HFMEA), to identify areas within pharmacist-managed clinics needing improvement. Methods: The survey was adapted for use in pharmacist-managed clinics. Patients completed the survey following regularly scheduled pharmacist appointments. Data were analyzed with a method adapted from HFMEA. Product scores could range from five to 25. A product of five indicates that pharmacists are doing a good job on the items that patients place the most value on, while a product score of 25 indicates that pharmacists are doing a poor job. A score greater than or equal to ten was used to identify areas for improvement. Results: Seventy-one patients completed surveys. Thirteen components were assessed and no item achieved a mean product greater than or equal to ten. The survey item with the highest mean product pertained to discussion of potential medication side effects (mean: 7.06; interquartile range: 5-10). Analysis of each survey item found that all survey items had multiple individual responses that provided a product score of greater than or equal to ten. The survey items most frequently listed in the overall population as being most valued were “Told you the name of each of your medicines and what they are used for”, “Answered your questions fully,” and “Explained what your medicines do”. Conclusions: Educational components provided during pharmacist-managed clinic appointments are aligned with patients’ needs and are successfully incorporating the components that patients value highly in a patient-healthcare provider interaction. The HFMEA model can be an important teaching tool to identify specific processes in need of improvement and to help enhance pharmacists’ self-efficacy, which may further improve patient care

RAD51C Germline Mutations in Breast and Ovarian Cancer Cases from High-Risk Families

BRCA1 and BRCA2 are the most well-known breast cancer susceptibility genes. Additional genes involved in DNA repair have been identified as predisposing to breast cancer. One such gene, RAD51C, is essential for homologous recombination repair. Several likely pathogenic RAD51C mutations have been identified in BRCA1- and BRCA2-negative breast and ovarian cancer families. We performed complete sequencing of RAD51C in germline DNA of 286 female breast and/or ovarian cancer cases with a family history of breast and ovarian cancers, who had previously tested negative for mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2. We screened 133 breast cancer cases, 119 ovarian cancer cases, and 34 with both breast and ovarian cancers. Fifteen DNA sequence variants were identified; including four intronic, one 5′ UTR, one promoter, three synonymous, and six non-synonymous variants. None were truncating. The in-silico SIFT and Polyphen programs were used to predict possible pathogenicity of the six non-synonomous variants based on sequence conservation. G153D and T287A were predicted to be likely pathogenic. Two additional variants, A126T and R214C alter amino acids in important domains of the protein such that they could be pathogenic. Two-hybrid screening and immunoblot analyses were performed to assess the functionality of these four non-synonomous variants in yeast. The RAD51C-G153D protein displayed no detectable interaction with either XRCC3 or RAD51B, and RAD51C-R214C displayed significantly decreased interaction with both XRCC3 and RAD51B (p<0.001). Immunoblots of RAD51C-Gal4 activation domain fusion peptides showed protein levels of RAD51C-G153D and RAD51C-R214C that were 50% and 60% of the wild-type, respectively. Based on these data, the RAD51C-G153D variant is likely to be pathogenic, while the RAD51C- R214C variant is hypomorphic of uncertain pathogenicity. These results provide further support that RAD51C is a rare breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility gene

Evaluating student-pharmacists’ perspectives in medication adherence before and after a pillbox simulation. [abstract]

Poster presented at 2013 AACP Annual Meeting, Chicago, Illinois; July 2013

Ankle Joint Complex Kinematic and Kinetic Adaptation during Thirty-Minutes of Treadmill Running: a Case Study

The purpose of this study was to assess kinematic and kinetic adaptation during a 30 min run. It was hypothesized that kinematics and kinetics would adapt at different rates. A recreationally trained runner with approximately 10 years of running experience was recruited for the study. Three dimensional kinematic and kinetic variables were assessed during a 30 min run. All measures exhibited varied adaptation trends with most measures not stabilizing during the exercise period. A longer running period may be needed in running gait analysis to produce a more comprehensive adaptation profile